Welcome to the SeeMeCNC Community

I tried printing this http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:5011/#files to tweak the settings for the new white PLA I just put in.

I printed once with matterslice, and it had tons of string because I left it at ABS temperatures. Opps!

After selecting PLA, I tried again, and tried CURA as the slicer this time.

Thing is, Cura fails to slice it correctly. It gives a tiny little pile of Gcode it says is 4 layers.
I switched back to matterslice and it was fine. back to cura, no joy. Sli3er works too.

Is it something I am doing wrong, or is it just a bad STL file?

I also found that the tiny binder clips keep flying off, because my glass is 1/2 inch smaller than the bed heater. I could only find one bigger binder clip so far, which does not fly off. If you print with only two binder clips, the whole glass can move during print which makes your hollow cube into a hollow parallelepiped.

Tangentially related, I am working on printing a new cell phone case and MatterSlice insisted on placing blobs of goop where there were supposed to be holes. You could even see it in the gcode preview. Cura did not exhibit that behavior.

I think there are going to be some models out there where one slicer just can't handle it properly for whatever reason. Maybe you found one good example for Cura.